[ { "url": "https://dev3.nipakanatik.org/s/nipakanatik-en/item/3740", "o:resource_class": "dctype:Text", "dcterms:title": [ "Indian notes v.5" ], "dcterms:creator": [ "Smithsonian Museum of the American Indian" ], "dcterms:description": [ "The volume includes, on page 167, an article by Frank G. Speck titled \"Divination by Scapulimancy Among the Algonquin of River Desert, Quebec.\" Its author describes the practice of scapulimancy in the Kitigan Zibi community, as explained to him by the wife of Chief Michel Buckshot.\n\nScapulimancy involves telling someone's fortune by reading the cracks and burns that appear on an animal's shoulder blade after it has been left on hot coals. For the woman interviewed by Speck, it is essential to perform the ritual alone to avoid any disturbance. Members of her community refer scapulimancy by using the words \"kwasabendjigan\" (\"clairvoyance\"), \"masinagesige\" (\"writing\"), or \"andoganasige\" (\"foretelling\").\n\nImmediately following, on page 173, is an article by Frederick Johnson titled \"The Algonquin at Golden Lake, Ontario.\" It contains a general overview of the Pikwakanagan community, which at that time had 164 members.\n\nJohnson recalls that families in the community had already been using Pikwakanagan as a summer base for \"several centuries.\" He notes that their proximity to the \"Nottawe\" (Haudenosaunee) influenced their crafts: \"the baby carriers and some ash baskets closely resemble those found among the Iroquois.\"", "Le volume comprend, à la page 167, un article de Frank G. Speck intitulé « Divination By Scapulimancy Among the Algonquin of River Desert, Quebec ». Son auteur décrit la pratique de la scapulomancie dans la communauté de Kitigan Zibi, telle qu'elle lui a été expliquée par la femme du chef, Michel Buckshot.\n\nLa scapulomancie consiste à lire l'avenir dans les craquelures et les brûlures qui apparaissent sur une omoplate d'animal après qu'on l'ait laissée sur des braises. Pour la femme interrogée par Speck, il est essentiel d'accomplir le rituel en solitaire, pour éviter toute perturbation. Les membres de sa communauté appellent la scapulomancie « kwasabendjigan » (« voyance »), « masinagesige » (« écriture ») ou « andoganasige » (« prédire »).\n\nTout de suite après, à la page 173, se trouve un article de Frederick Johnson intitulé « The Algonquin at Golden Lake, Ontario ». Il contient une présentation générale de la communauté de Pikwakanagan. Celle-ci comptait alors 164 membres.\n\nJonhson rappelle que les familles de la communauté utilisaient déjà Pikwakanagan comme base d'été depuis « plusieurs siècles ». Il note que leur proximité avec les « Nottawe » (Haudenosaunee) a influencé leur artisanat : « les portes-bébé et certains paniers de frêne ressemblent étroitement à ceux qu'on trouve chez les Iroquois »." ], "dcterms:contributor": [ "Corporation de la Maison Dumulon (sharing)", "Corporation de la Maison Dumulon (partage)" ], "dcterms:format": [ "31288" ], "dcterms:identifier": [ "smithsonian-texte-003" ], "dcterms:source": [ "https://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/indiannotes51928muse Smithsonian Libraries" ], "dcterms:language": [ "31299" ], "dcterms:created": [ "1928" ], "dcterms:modified": [ "2025-06-04" ], "dcterms:extent": [ "512 pages" ], "dcterms:medium": [ "31943" ], "dcterms:spatial": [ "31395", "31978" ], "dcterms:accessRights": [ "31301" ], "dcterms:license": [ "31295" ], "customterms:transmission": [ "31320" ] }, { "url": "https://dev3.nipakanatik.org/s/nipakanatik-en/item/3741", "o:resource_class": "dctype:Text", "dcterms:title": [ "Indian notes v.7 no. 1" ], "dcterms:creator": [ "Smithsonian museum of the American Indian" ], "dcterms:subject": [ "41" ], "dcterms:description": [ "At page 27, there is an article by Frederick Johnson titled \"An Algonkian Band at Lac Barrière, Province of Quebec.\" It recounts the author's trip to Kitiganik and offers a general description of the community.\n\nJohnson is particularly surprised that Kitiganik has retained its customs despite prolonged contact with settlers: \"the only modifications [...] are firearms, steel traps, canvas tents, summer clothing, etc.\". He also shares some observations on objects frequently used by the locals : the tikinagan, the makasin and the thread needle.", "À la page 27 du périodique, se trouve un article de Frederick Johnson intitulé « An Algonkian Band at Lac Barrière, Province of Quebec ». Il raconte le voyage de l'auteur à Kitiganik et offre une description générale de la communauté.\n\nJohnson s'étonne notamment que Kitiganik ait conservé ses coutumes, malgré un contact prolongé avec les colons : « les seules nouveautés [...] sont les armes à feu, les pièges en acier, les tentes à canevas, les vêtements d'été, etc. ». Il partage par ailleurs quelques observations sur des objets fréquemment utilisés dans la communauté : le tikinagan, le makasin et l'aiguille à filet." ], "dcterms:contributor": [ "Corporation de la Maison Dumulon (sharing)", "Corporation de la Maison Dumulon (partage)" ], "dcterms:format": [ "31288" ], "dcterms:identifier": [ "smithsonian-texte-001" ], "dcterms:source": [ "https://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/indiannotes711930muse Smithsonian libraries" ], "dcterms:language": [ "31299" ], "dcterms:created": [ "1930" ], "dcterms:modified": [ "2025-06-04" ], "dcterms:extent": [ "134 pages" ], "dcterms:medium": [ "31943" ], "dcterms:spatial": [ "31394" ], "dcterms:accessRights": [ "31301" ], "dcterms:license": [ "31295" ], "customterms:transmission": [ "31320" ] }, { "url": "https://dev3.nipakanatik.org/s/nipakanatik-en/item/18154", "o:resource_class": "dctype:Text", "dcterms:title": [ "Indian notes v.6 no. 3" ], "dcterms:creator": [ "Smithsonian Museum of the American Indian" ], "dcterms:description": [ "On page 225 of the issue, there is an article by Vincent M. Petrullo titled \"Decorative Art on Birch-Bark Containers from the Algonquin River du Lièvre Band.\" It describes the shape and design of five bark containers, noting their similarities to ones made at Kitiganik (\"Lac Barrière\") and Kitigan Zibi (\"River Desert\").\n\nFrom these objects, the author identifies the existence of a true Anicinabe artistic tradition: \"the complexity and sophistication of the designs and the use of related design schemes would relate them to one another. There is present the injection of the individual's subjective interpretation of this art tradition, with its detractions, additions, and modifications.\"", " À la page 225 du numéro, se trouve un article de Vincent M. Petrullo intitulé « Decorative Art on Birch-Bark Containers from the Algonquin River du Lièvre Band ». Il décrit la forme et les ornements de cinq paniers d'écorce, en notant leurs ressemblances avec les paniers confectionnés à Kitiganik (« Lac Barrière ») et à Kitigan Zibi (« River Desert »).\n\nÀ partir de ces objets, l'auteur relève l'existence d'une véritable tradition artistique anicinabe : « la complexité et la sophistication des motifs, ainsi que l'utilisation de schémas de conception connexes, les relient les uns aux autres. On constate une interprétation subjective de cette tradition artistique, avec ses déviations, ajouts et modifications. »" ], "dcterms:contributor": [ "Corporation de la Maison Dumulon (sharing)", "Corporation de la Maison Dumulon (partage)" ], "dcterms:format": [ "31288" ], "dcterms:identifier": [ "smithsonian-texte-002" ], "dcterms:source": [ "https://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/indiannotes631929muse Smithsonian Libraries" ], "dcterms:language": [ "31299" ], "dcterms:created": [ "1929" ], "dcterms:modified": [ "2025-06-04" ], "dcterms:extent": [ "148 pages" ], "dcterms:medium": [ "31943" ], "dcterms:spatial": [ "31395", "31394" ], "dcterms:accessRights": [ "31301" ], "dcterms:license": [ "31295" ], "customterms:transmission": [ "31320" ] }, { "url": "https://dev3.nipakanatik.org/s/nipakanatik-en/item/18293", "o:resource_class": "dctype:Text", "dcterms:title": [ "Indian notes v.4" ], "dcterms:creator": [ "Smithsonian Museum of the American Indian" ], "dcterms:description": [ "On page 240 of the volume, there is an article by Frank G. Speck titled \"River Desert Indians of Quebec.\" It describes the wikwemotak (bark containers) and clothing made by the Kitiganzibiwininiwag, highlighting the inter-influences of local and Haudenosaunee traditions.\n\nAccording to Speck, the cohabitation of the Kitiganzibiwininiwag and the Haudenosaunee at Lake of the Two Mountains (Oka), from 1721 until the early 19th century, allowed for numerous cultural exchanges. The author notes that Haudenosaunee clothing and ornaments were still owned by members of the community at the moment of his visit.", "À la page 240 du volume, on trouve un article de Frank G. Speck intitulé « River Desert Indians of Quebec ». Il décrit les paniers d'écorce et vêtements fabriqués par les Kitiganzibiwininiwag, en mettant en relief les interinfluences des traditions locales et haudenosaunee.\n\nD'après Speck, la cohabitation des Kitiganzibiwininiwag et des Haudenosaunee au lac des Deux-Montagnes (Oka), de 1721 jusqu'au début du 19e siècle, a donné lieu à de nombreux échanges culturels. L'auteur note par ailleurs que des vêtements et des ornements haudenosaunee étaient encore conservés par des membres de la communauté au moment de sa visite." ], "dcterms:contributor": [ "Corporation de la Maison Dumulon (sharing)", "Corporation de la Maison Dumulon (partage)" ], "dcterms:format": [ "31288" ], "dcterms:identifier": [ "smithsonian-texte-004" ], "dcterms:source": [ "https://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/indiannotes41927muse Smithsonian Libraries" ], "dcterms:language": [ "31299" ], "dcterms:created": [ "1927" ], "dcterms:modified": [ "2025-06-05" ], "dcterms:extent": [ "492 pages" ], "dcterms:medium": [ "31943" ], "dcterms:spatial": [ "31395" ], "dcterms:accessRights": [ "31301" ], "dcterms:license": [ "31295" ], "customterms:transmission": [ "31320" ] }, { "url": "https://dev3.nipakanatik.org/s/nipakanatik-en/item/18299", "o:resource_class": "dctype:Text", "dcterms:title": [ "Art Processes in Birchbark of the River Desert Algonquin, a Circumboreal Trait", "Procédés artistiques dans l'écorce de bouleau chez les Algonquins de River Desert, un trait circumboréal" ], "dcterms:creator": [ "Frank G. Speck" ], "dcterms:description": [ "This comprehensive report details the five types of bark containers used by the Anicinabek: the wikwemot (for storing tools), the kikwabanagan (for carrying water and maple sap), the pskitanagan or atopogan (for boiling water on the fire), the wigwasanagan (an eating bowl), and the pskitonage (for protecting meat or clothing from insects and bad weather).\n\nSpeck provides an in-depth analysis of the shapes and decorations of the bark containers made in Kitigan Zibi : « the ellipse, the stem with three leaves, trefoil (both called « anibic »), the dome, the « toad's legging » or pitcherplant (« omakaki ») or twist, the scallop and with serrations on its straight edge are among those of an old native derivation, according to the testimony of their users ».", "Ce rapport étoffé décline les cinq types de contenants d'écorce utilisés par les Anicinabek : le wikwemot (pour ranger ses outils), le kikwabanagan (pour transporter l'eau et l'eau d'érable), le pskitanagan ou atopogan (pour faire bouillir de l'eau sur le feu), le wigwasanagan (un bol pour manger) et le pskitonage (pour protéger la viande ou ses vêtements des insectes et intempéries). \n\nSpeck analyse en profondeur les formes et les ornements des contenants d'écorce confectionnés à Kitigan Zibi : « l'ellipse, la tige à trois feuilles, le trèfle (tous deux appelés « anibic »), le dôme, la patte ou la torsade de crapaud (« omakaki »), et la coquille Saint-Jacques avec des dentelures sur son bord droit figurent parmi d'anciennes dérivations de motifs autochtones, selon le témoignage de leurs utilisateurs et utilisatrices. »" ], "dcterms:contributor": [ "Corporation de la Maison Dumulon (sharing)", "Corporation de la Maison Dumulon (partage)" ], "dcterms:format": [ "31288" ], "dcterms:identifier": [ "smithsonian-texte-005" ], "dcterms:language": [ "31299" ], "dcterms:created": [ "1941" ], "dcterms:modified": [ "2025-06-05" ], "dcterms:extent": [ "60 pages" ], "dcterms:medium": [ "31943" ], "dcterms:spatial": [ "31395" ], "dcterms:accessRights": [ "31301" ], "dcterms:license": [ "31295" ], "customterms:transmission": [ "31320" ] }, { "url": "https://dev3.nipakanatik.org/s/nipakanatik-en/item/18300", "o:resource_class": "dctype:Text", "dcterms:title": [ "Boundaries and Hunting Groups of the River Desert Algonquin", "Limites et groupes de chasse des Algonquins de River Desert" ], "dcterms:creator": [ "Frank G. Speck" ], "dcterms:description": [ "This article, published in Indian Notes v.6 no. 2, tells the story of the Kitiganzibiwininiwag. They fled part of their ancestral territory between 1610 and 1720, then lived at the lake of the Two Mountains until the early 1800s. The author quotes Chief Michel Buckshot, who recalls a distant time when the Anicinabek inhabited \"a territory far downstream from the St. Lawrence, where the water was salty and the land unhealthy.\"\n\nThe text also includes a register of family heads and hunters in Kitigan Zibi in 1929. According to Speck, these men primarily work in agriculture, while continuing to hunt from time to time. Many of them temporarily leave the community to work in the city or as loggers.", "Cet article, paru dans Indian notes v.6 no. 2, raconte l'histoire des Kitiganzibiwininiwag. Ceux-ci ont fui une partie de leur territoire ancestral entre 1610 et 1720, puis vécu au lac des Deux-Montagnes jusqu'au début des années 1800. L'auteur rapporte les propos du chef Michel Buckshot, qui évoque une époque reculée où les Anicinabek habitaient « un territoire loin en aval du Saint-Laurent, où l'eau était salée et la terre insalubre ».\n\nLe texte comprend en outre un registre des chefs de famille et des chasseurs de Kitigan Zibi en 1929. D'après Speck, ces hommes occupent surtout des métiers agricoles, tout en continuant à chasser de temps à autres. Plusieurs d'entre eux quittent temporairement la communauté pour aller travailler en ville ou comme bûcherons." ], "dcterms:contributor": [ "Corporation de la Maison Dumulon (sharing)", "Corporation de la Maison Dumulon (partage)" ], "dcterms:format": [ "31288" ], "dcterms:identifier": [ "smithsonian-texte-006" ], "dcterms:source": [ "https://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/indiannotes621929muse Smithsonian Libraries" ], "dcterms:language": [ "31299" ], "dcterms:created": [ "1929" ], "dcterms:modified": [ "2025-06-09" ], "dcterms:extent": [ "25 pages" ], "dcterms:medium": [ "31943" ], "dcterms:spatial": [ "31395" ], "dcterms:accessRights": [ "31301" ], "dcterms:license": [ "31295" ], "customterms:family": [ "31981", "31716", "31719", "31982", "31739" ], "customterms:transmission": [ "31320" ] } ]